The Devi Gita is a section of the Devi-Bhagavata Purana,spoken by Vyasa to King Janamejaya. The Devi Gita is a dialogue between Mahadevi and King Himavan, and is considered one of the 64 Gitas mentioned in Hindu scriptures.
The text's underlying philosophy is Advaita Vedanta-style monism combined with the devotional worship of Shakti.
Monism: A theory or doctrine that rejects the existence of a distinction or duality in a particular sphere, such as that between matter and mind, or God and the world. According to monism, the doctrine that preaches one supreme being exists.
Answer of Q 12:
She is the one who turned into Shakambari.
Durgamasur stopped homas and Yajnas and thereby caused severe draught.
When oblations of clarified butter are offered to the Fire, those get transferred to the Sun and get transformed as rains. So when the Homa ceremonies disappeared, there was the scarcity of rain. The earth became quite dry and not a drop of water was found anywhere. Goddess Parvati went to Himalayas where Gods were praying to her. Gods informed her about the drought condition over the earth. Seeing the dreadful condition of the earth, she created innumerable eyes within Her body and became visible. She is Shatakshi Devi. That Upholder of the Universe, showed Her form and began to shed waters from Her eyes. For nine nights continuously, the heavy rains poured down out of the waters flowing from Her eyes.
The Gods that remained hidden in the mountain caves, now came out. Then the sages, united with the Gods, began to praise and sing hymns to the Goddess. Then, Shatakshi Devi transformed her appearance into a wonderful form, her eight hands held foods like grains, cereals, vegetables, greens, fruits, meat and other herbs, she wore a beautiful garment, this new form of Goddess is known as Shakambhari.
Answer of Q 13:
Himavan was the recipient of Devi Gita from Devi himself.
Source.Devi Bhagawata Puran
30-31. O Himavan! Nothing remains at any time unavailable to him who worships thus the Bhuvanes'varî Devî. After quitting his body, he goes to theMani Dvîpa, My Place. He gets the form of the Devî; and the Devas constantly bow down to him.
Question 14:
Which form of Ambika emerged from Skandha’s power?
What is Her weapon?
Two demons named Shumbha and Nishumbha, dispossessed the Gods, stripped them of their powers and appropriated their wealth and privilege. Deprived of their lordships and sovereignties, expelled by the two mighty demons, the Gods thought of the invincible Devi and her boon to save them from the worst. The Gods from all the three worlds gathered at the foot of Himalayas, eulogized the Devi with the ‘Aparajita Stuti’ and called upon her to save them once again.Question 14:
Which form of Ambika emerged from Skandha’s power?
What is Her weapon?
Aparajita Stuti has are more than twenty shlokas beginning with ‘Ya devi sarva bhuteshu’, indicating that the Devi is all-pervading as consciousness, power, intellect, memory, sleep, delusion, desire, activity, prosperity, forgiveness, faith, beauty and so on. This beautiful hymn is a powerful combination of meditation, affirmation and chants in itself.
While the Gods where singing praises of the Divine Mother, Devi Parvati appeared and enquired, “Who is She that is being praised here?”
Soon, from her own body emerged the divinely beautiful and radiant Ambika Devi and said, “These troubled Gods are calling out to me to save them from the wrath of Shumbh and Nishumbha”.
When Ambika was born and took form, Parvati began to darken with anger towards the demons. This form was named Kalika, who began to reside in the jungles of Himalaya, while Ambika lived in the mountains.
One day, Chanda and Munda, messengers of Demons Shumbha and Nishumbha saw the charming form of Ambika and rushed to the kings to inform them about this beauty residing on the Himalayas, who was unlike any they had ever seen. Since, Shumbha and Nishumbha owned everything precious in the three worlds, this auspicious lady, a jewel amongst women, had to be possessed by them too.
Shumbha and Nishumbha were lured by the description of the lady and sent Sugriva, their messenger with a proposal to wed either of them. Sugriva went to the Devi and described the glamor, riches and power of the demons to her. The Devi refused to marry anyone who could not win over her in war and challenged the demons to fight her if they wanted to marry her.
Hearing the words of the Devi, the indignant messenger hastened back and related them in detail to the kings. The enraged demons called upon their chieftain, Dhumralochana and ordered him to fight the Devi and drag her to their courts. With the orders of his masters, Dhumralochana set forth with an army of sixty thousand demons to win the Devi in battle. But in no time the mighty demon was reduced to ashes by a mere heave of her breath. Seeing Dhumralochana turn to ashes, the enraged army of demons attacked the Devi, but very soon the entire army was destroyed by the enraged and noble lion that bore the Goddess as her vehicle.
Hearing that the demon Dhumralochana was slain by the Goddess and that the entire army was destroyed by the lion, Shumbha was furious and he commanded Chanda and Munda to go with large forces and drag the Devi by her hair and bring her to him. At the command of the demon king, Chanda and Munda marched with their armies to win over the Devi and slay her army. When Ambika saw the fourfold army approaching, she was
furious, and from the fierce frown from her forehead, emerged Kalika, armed with a sword and a noose, holding a skull topped staff and a garland of skulls around her neck. Kalika devoured, crushed and pounded the army of the enemy within no time. The enraged Chanda attacked Devi Kali with arrows, and Munda hurled thousands of discuses at the Goddess, but all in vain. Devi Kali, in her fiercest form, mounted the great lion, rushed towards Chanda, seized him by his hair and severed his head with her sword. Munda met with the same fate.
The proud Kali presented the slain heads of Chanda and Munda to Ambika, after the battle of the great sacrifice. The auspicious Ambika, said to Kali, “As you have brought me both Chanda and Munda, O Devi, you shall now be famed in the world as Devi Chamunda!”
Death at the hands of Kali is symbolic of transformation. Once transformed by the fiery power of Kali, they cease to be demons
Answer of Q 14:
According to Devimahatmyam, Kaumari emerged from Skandha’s power.
Kaumäri saktihasta ca mayuravaravahana
yoddhum abhyayayau daityan Ambika guharupini (8.17)
Ambika, having the war god's form and riding a fine peacock, came forth as
Kaumäri with spear in hand to fight against the daityas.
Question 15:
A form of Devi associated with planet Mars.
Answer:
Devi Mangal Chandika.
Mangala Chandika known thus due to the constantly being worshipped by Mangala ( Planet of Mars), the son of Bhu Devi. She was worshipped foremost by Maha Deva Himself, as She was the Prime Shakti as Chandi, an Extension of Durga, with whose active involvement the ferocious Tripurasura was annihilated. Soon after victory, Maha Deva worshipped Chandi Devi out of gratitude formally with ‘Shodasa upacharas’
Balaamika Tripura sundari devi
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